Erysipelas is a relatively common but potentially serious skin infection that requires prompt medical attention. While it is usually treatable with antibiotics, early recognition is essential to prevent complications.

What Is Erysipelas?

Erysipelas is a bacterial infection that affects the upper layers of the skin and the lymphatic system. It is most often caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria—the same type responsible for strep throat.

What makes erysipelas distinct from similar conditions, such as cellulitis, is its appearance. The infection typically forms a bright red, swollen patch with sharply defined edges, often described as having a raised border.It most commonly appears on:

The lower legs
The face (especially cheeks and nose)
Key Symptoms to Watch For

Erysipelas tends to develop quickly, sometimes within hours. The symptoms are both visible and systemic, meaning they affect the whole body.Sudden redness and swelling of the skin
Warmth and tenderness in the affected area
Clearly defined borders of the rash
Fever and chills
General fatigue or feeling unwell
In facial cases, swelling can be more pronounced and may spread rapidly.

Causes and How It Develops

The infection occurs when bacteria enter the skin through a break or vulnerability. These openings can be very small and sometimes go unnoticed.